The humanistic connotation of urban sculpture

When it comes to urban sculpture, we cannot discuss the cultural connotation and cultural function of the city.Outstanding American urban historian and humanities scholar Lewis Mumfort (L.Mumford) said: " At first the city was home to the gods, and finally the city itself became the main place of transforming humanity, where humanity gave full play.The main function of a city is to transform power into form, energy into culture, dead things into artistic images of living spirits, and biological reproduction into social innovation."(《 History of Urban Development"), Mumford presented the bronze monument to Rotterdam, "The Destroyed Rotterdam", who regarded it like the pain inside the city and the will to meet the challenges, and thus one of the best images in Rotterdam.

Similar to this can become the image of human spiritual civilization city sculpture, the world, but they mostly have a common characteristic: in the creation, setting, they may have a certain place or an event constraints, but they always with the connotation of its humanistic values and beyond the constraints of the factors, and has the universal value of human civilization.For example, the world-famous Statue of Liberty in New York is the image of the freedom of the old world; its spiritual source is the liberal spirit in French politics, and its creators were deeply influenced by the work of the outstanding romantic painter De La Croix.For example, the statue of Jesus Christ, standing on the outskirts of Rio de Janeiro, stretched his hands overlooking the city, like the infinite pity and fraternity for humanity, and the praise and blessing of the people, thus beyond pure religious significance.

City sculpture: the "cultural name card" of the city

Modern urban construction requires environmental art, and the city square cannot be separated from the content of environmental art, especially the intervention of sculpture art.Sculpture works in the environment are an important part of environmental art, and the environmental carrier forming a certain corresponding relationship with environmental space. The relationship between environment and sculpture has become an inseparable organic combination in modern landscape art.

With the development of modern industrial civilization, people's demand for urban construction has gradually changed from a single practical to practical and aesthetic function.In recent years, many urban sculptures have added and developed social symbols, cultural life and coordinated vision in terms of decorative and commemorative functions.As the "cultural name card" of a city, urban sculpture has always played the largest proportion in public art.For example, the famous Statue of Liberty in New York, the Mermaid in Copenhagen, the Arc of Triomphe in Paris, and the mother of the Chinese Yellow River in Lanzhou, Guangzhou Five Sheep Sculpture, Shenzhen Ru Cattle, Chongqing Hongyan Song and Leshan Martyrs Group images greatly enrich the urban landscape and improve the urban taste.People understand the past, present and future of a city, the historical tradition and cultural changes of a city, and feel the unique aesthetic taste and local customs of a city.

Unlike city sculpture, family decoration or personal sculpture is placed in public space and will force the public to pay attention and accept.Therefore, urban sculpture without aesthetic characteristics is a visual pollution, which is an "aesthetic insult" to the public.In a comprehensive view, there is no lack of Chinese urban sculptures, and there is no lack of excellent works, but more of them are "conceptual sculpture" and "label sculpture" that lack artistic conception and association.The development of the city increasingly calls for fine city sculpture.A successful city sculpture work should be refined and unique to reflect the essential characteristics of the city.Therefore, the historical background, regional characteristics and national culture should all become the general background of the creation of urban carving.Only things created in such a large framework is really "this one".

Urban sculpture can be concrete or abstract, no matter which form, it should be shocking.There are many excellent urban sculptures at home and abroad.For example, South Korea, no matter streets or villages, stone or trees, are maximized as the artistic creation space, harmonious art sculpture language is well integrated with nature, very beautiful.Another example, the Dutch memorial sculpture "no heart man" (and translated "destroyed city"), through a trunk separated into entity and virtual bodies, sharp edges and corners, and the curve to the sky and the largest distorted form in a strong contrast, evoke spiritual pain and shock, and then think of the city and victims destroyed in World War II people.

There are also successful works in China. For example, the large-scale sculpture "Shenzhen People" in Shenzhen, shows the characteristics of Shenzhen, a modern migrant metropolis, by depicting the image of a group of real, ordinary and ordinary workers.Successful urban construction should be involved in cultural structure and planning.There are many classic communities and public places in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, which is not related to the early and forward-looking introduction of cultural planning and overall art design.Urban sculpture and other public space art should be planned in advance. Otherwise, when all the houses, roads and parks are built, and then the space art design, it will undoubtedly become a lagging city "patch", and there will not be too many quality products.

Environmental sculpture has spatial characteristics and requirements: with the rapid development and progress of society, human beings have paid special attention and thinking about their own living space, especially the attitude to the environment has a fundamental change and correction.As a very important role in the architectural environment space, the sculpture art works also leap to a new and full-round height from a single limited basis of decorative and commemorative.

Modern environmental sculpture, with its variety of shapes and aesthetic concepts, combined with the close combination of modern high-tech technology and new materials and modern environmental consciousness, adds the vitality and charm of life to the modern living space.People place themselves in them, and give people with humanistic connotation and artistic edification.

Nowadays, with the accelerating pace of urban construction and people improve the living environment, the pursuit of spiritual value, give us to environmental sculpture design, producers show to deepen and explore research in the new scope: broaden knowledge, strengthen the dialogue consciousness of designers and cooperation spirit, strengthen the cultivation of environmental space, understanding and processing ability, understand the development of modern science and technology, master new materials, familiar with modern scientific processing means, enhance modern design aesthetic consciousness and humanities and modern way of thinking concept.In this way can our environmental sculpture be diversified, and the sculpture language can be richer.

The charm of art in the city

Anyone who has visited the city center of Tokyo, Japan will be impressed by the giant spider sculpture in its central square.In a stricter sense, it is not just sculpture, but works of public art.If there is a certain external force, it can move, rather, it can "walk", the work of art has been alive, and more meaningful, in the urban space and architectural space of life.

Our understanding of art is still to a large extent in the stage of "appreciation", often taking whether "beautiful" as the standard for evaluating works of art.Such thinking logic has led to our great misreading of art.In the real estate development and urban construction, art always acts as the last process and becomes the "ornament" of the building and environment, just like the "seasoning" chef to add after cooking dishes, and it really weakens the function and value of art to the extreme.

It is understandable that in an era of lack of artistic inheritance and artistic innovation, our society's cognition of art still stays at the interface of art galleries and opera houses. There are both the reasons for the urban development concept and system, but also the artistic concept and artists who are too self and closed.Art and society lack the platform of dialogue and communication, and the lack of civilians, urbanization and architecture of the basic practice of art. It is time to break the closed pattern and realize value interaction.

Art is the image interaction and spiritual dialogue between people and society, nature and the city. It is also a comprehensive concept. It is not only the art itself that we usually understand, but also covers many aspects such as artistic symbols, artistic design and artistic activities.That is to say, art actually has rich and dynamic connotation, has rich psychological experience and emotional interaction functions, and art has a unique energy.

Urban public space is a place for urban people to exchange materials, information and emotions, public buildings such as urban squares, parks, museums, movies and theaters, urban commercial space, the lobby of office buildings, etc., all belong to urban public space.The function of urban public space determines that it is an important node of the city, and the origin, living and reproduction of urban culture.Therefore, whether the urban public space has a unique attraction, forming a "field" with a unique charm, attractive participation and activities, is the value core of the urban public space, but also the extension and amplification of the urban value and architectural value.In other words, the value of urban public space depends on the connection and dependence between human and public space, and art, especially modern public art, is undoubtedly the most natural and energetic medium and link for the communication and integration of this relationship.

The intervention of public art is first integrated with urban planning and design and architectural design from the design level, Planning and design in art language in the space and nodes of cities and buildings, Gradually reflected in the floor paving, greening, urban furniture, construction and environment, construction and building nodes and other levels, Integrate art information into the vast spatial environment, Forming a vivid, experiential and readable symbolic context; Modern art works constantly break through the traditional boundaries and inherent definitions, Participate in the public space with a more open and integrated attitude, Form a stronger interactive experience with space, the environment and people; Art-themed activities with its unique charm, Attraction human gathering and participation, Cultivate the culture and spirit of space; All of this, Effectively improved people's perceptual environment, Reformed the human connection to the space, Enhanced the cognition and dependence of the spatial environment.In other words, art greatly enhance the psychological function of public space, make public space is not only as a "channel" or "square" physical form, more become people's psychological and emotional "value concave", make public space into a spiritual "place", its significance and function to expand, value is greatly improved.

On the other hand, in the urban space and architectural space as the background and connection environment, art broke free from the narrow space of art gallery, get rid of the traditional role as appreciation, art symbols, art design, art and art activities tension to give full play to, maximize the value of art.

Such value interaction creates not only a win-win pattern, but also a new era.In this era, people perceive cities and architecture through art, exchange emotions, balance emotions, and stimulate their imagination and creativity; cities and architecture connect humans through art, rebuild their affinity with mankind, and return cities and architecture in their original sense what Heidegger calls "poetic habitation".

Although we can't do like many developed countries, in the legislative level requires developers according to the percentage of total investment (generally about 1%) in public art investment, but we should be clear that the value of public art is never lower than the value of public fitness equipment, in this spiritual impetuous and stressful era, not only strong, but also to save the mind.

It seems that it is not investment itself, but consciousness.

Urban sculpture and urban aesthetics

A city is an open book where people can read about its goals and aspirations, and about its past, present, and future.In this book, urban sculpture is often a crucial finishing touch. Urban sculpture can concentrate on the basic spirit of a city's leading character, which immediately endows the urban space with positive content and significance.That is why people often use urban sculpture as a symbol or symbol of the city.This is true of famous urban sculptures such as the Statue of Liberty of New York, a mermaid in the Polish capital Warsaw, a fishlion in Singapore, a swift horse in Pyongyang, North Korea, and a statue of five sheep in Guangzhou, China.

Urban sculpture, to a considerable extent, determines the spatial appearance of the city.It is a public art, and urban sculpture should be part of the whole urban environmental art as compared to frame sculpture, interior sculpture, and sculptures of salons and exhibitions.Our study of urban sculpture must also be taken into account in the whole sequence of urban beauty.On the one hand, urban sculpture shows the environment and creates the environment, while it is restricted by the environment and must adapt to the environment.This undoubtedly raises a higher requirement for the sculptor.To create a good city sculpture, we should not only be familiar not only with the local environment surrounding the city sculpture, but also with the environment of the whole city, and have a comprehensive understanding and grasp of the history, tradition, culture and future direction of the city.Only in this way can sculptors effectively inject new vitality into the city and create a beautiful urban landscape through urban sculpture.Currently, Urban sculpture is present in its development, Due of its own characteristics, It also brings some special problems: for sculptors, Cost and profit may also always denite the cultural nature of urban sculpture; Imperfection of the sculpture art market, competition between peers, opportunities and contingency factors in the process of receiving tasks, Some sculptors have no time to pay more attention to the improvement of their own cultural cultivation and the enrichment of artistic nourishment; Nor can the social attention and comments on urban sculpture be satisfactory; The lack of communication opportunities between the sculptor and the public; In art education, The popularization of the art of sculpture is not carried out enough, Many common people do not yet know what the sculpture is.

It is based on the above problems that we can put the topic of urban sculpture and urban aesthetics together, and after leaving urban aesthetics, it is impossible to talk clearly about urban aesthetics in isolation.It has become an urgent problem to strengthen the research of the basic aesthetic problems of urban sculpture and improve the sculpture cultural literacy of sculptors, the whole society and the nation.